یکی از مهمترین درسهایی که زبان آموزان به اون نیاز دارند تفاوت make و do هست. اینکه بدونیم فرق make و do چیه و کی از make استفاده کنیم و کی از do استفاده کنیم خیلی مهم هست. بهتون حق میدم بعضی وقتا انتخاب بین make و do میتونه سخت باشه ولی در این درس قراره به شما نکات مهم استفاده از make و do رو بگیم، هرچند میتونید از یادگیری کالوکیشن هم لذت ببرید.
کاربرد do
ما از do در عباراتی که مرتبط با وظیفه، کار، تکلیف، روتین و فعالیتهایی که تکرار میشوند، استفاده میکنیم. بطور کلی do به انجام کاری اشاره میکند و make به نتیجه کاری اشاره میکند.
از do با عبارات زیر در موضوعاتی که بهشون اشاره میشه استفاده میکنیم:
مطالعه و کار
- do homework: I’ll do my homework after dinner.
- do work: Joe does a lot of work in the evenings.
- do business: They are doing business in Japan.
- do an assignment: I did my assignment last weekend.
- do a course: I am doing a photography course.
کارهای خانه و تکراری
- do the dishes: I do the dishes every evening.
- do the laundry: Alice does the laundry when she gets home.
- do the shopping: I’ll do the shopping after work.
- do the ironing: Lee is doing the ironing right now.
- do housework: She does the housework at the weekends.
- BUT make your bed: I make my bed every morning.
کار خوب و بد
- do well: He did well in his exams.
- do badly: I did badly in the race.
- do something, nothing, etc.: They did something exciting last weekend.
- do your best: He did his best to pass the exam.
- do too much: Rita does too much for her children.
ورزش، سرگرمی و مراقبت از خود
- do exercise: You should do more exercise.
- do yoga: Anna does yoga twice a week.
- do karate, judo, etc. (martial arts): Bill does karate in the evenings.
- do your hair: I have a shower, I do my hair, and I get dressed.
- do your nails: Lara did my nails last weekend.
کاربرد make
تا اینجا تا حدودی باید تفاوت make و do رو متوجه شده باشیم، پس میریم سراغ اینکه بفهمیم با make باید چیکار کنیم. ما بیشتر از make وقتی استفاده میکنیم که درباره ساخت یا تولید در فرآیندی صحبت میکنیم. فعل do به فرآیند انجام کاری اشاره میکند ولی make درباره نتیجه آن کار صحبت میکند.
حالا make رو در عباراتی با موضوعات مشخص در زیر براتون میارم تا دقیق متوجه بشیم:
آماده سازی غذا و نوشیدنی
- make lunch, dinner, etc.: I’ll make lunch soon.
- make a cake: He made a cake to take to the party.
- make coffee: Tim makes coffee for his wife every morning.
- make a sandwich: I made a sandwich to take to work.
- make a snack: Sid was hungry, so he made a snack.
تصمیم و قرار
- make an appointment: I made an appointment to see the doctor.
- make plans: We are making plans for the weekend.
- make a list: I made a list of the things I needed to buy.
- make a choice: Ian had to make a difficult choice.
- make a decision: It took me a long time to make a decision.
- make a mistake: I made a mistake in the exam.
صحبت، صدا و رابطه
- make a promise: Jess made a promise to her grandmother.
- make a phone call: I need to make a phone call.
- make a joke: He made a joke about his sister’s new hairstyle.
- make a suggestion: The teacher made a good suggestion.
- make an excuse: He made an excuse to his teacher.
- make a noise: The neighbours were making a lot of noise.
- make friends: She’s made friends quickly at her new school.
پول
- make a lot of money: He makes more money than I do.
- make $10: Fred makes $10 an hour in his part-time job.
- make a living: She makes a living as a yoga teacher.
ویدیو تفاوت make و do
جمع بندی فرق make و do
در این مقاله تا جایی که میشد به بررسی تفاوت این دو فعل پرداختیم، حالا شما دیگه باید با تمرین و استفاده آنها در مکالمه خودتون میتونید به استفاده صحیح از اونها پی ببرید و از اشتباهات رایج دور باشید.